Oil tool device



Ma 17, 1932. H, E, G U ET AL 1,858,926

, OIL TOOL DEVICE Filed March 27, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l I INVENTOR.

n GM W 50 m MJ W 5 Y B May 5 17, 1932. H. E. GRAU ET AL OIL TOOL DEVICEFiled March 27, 1928 2. .Sheets-Shegt 2 INVENTOR. Herberi E. Grau;Andrew .J'. C01memuer',-'

' ATTORNEYS.

Patented May 17, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT DFFICE HERBERT E. GRAU', FLOS ANGELES, AND ANDREW J. COLMERAUER, OF REDONDO I BEACH, CALIFORNIAOIL TOOL DEVICE .Application filed March 27, 1928.

This invention relates to oil tool devices, and particularly to anunderreaming bit.

The invention has for an object the provision ofan oil tool device whichis so formed and constructed as to permit a jarring thereof at anyinterval desired during a boring operation.

Another object is the provision of a rotary bit so formed andconstructed that the blades of said bit may expand to perform a drillingoperation to the end that a well hole of greater diameter than thecasing may be out.

Another object is the provision of a rotary bit which may readily passthrough a well casing of a selected diameter, to cut a hole of greaterdiameter than the well casing and which bit is readily collapsiblewhereby the same may be withdrawn, as desired.

Another object is the provision of a rotary bit so formed andconstructed as to permit complete circulation therethrough.

Another object is the provision of a rotary bit wherein and whereby theblades of said bit are so carried as to relieve strain from the carryingpoint during a cutting operation.

Other objects will appear as the specification proceeds, which includesa device which is simple in structure, efficient in operation,inexpensive to manufacture, easy toassemble, and generally superior inresults obtained.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in thenovel and useful provision, formation, construction and interrelation ofparts, members and features, all as shown in certain embodiments in'theaccompanying drawings, described generally, and more particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of our improved rotary bit,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the bit shown in Figure 1 andon an enlarged scale from the showing of Figure 1, the blades being incollapsed condition, 7 V

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 with the blades in expandedposition,

Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevation of the blades and associated partsof the bit,

Serial N0. 265,056.

Figure 5 is an end elevation of the bit and bit head,

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view on the line 66 of Figure 2, V

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of the bit, theblades being in collapsed condition, Y

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure'7, the blades being in expandedposition, and

Figure 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of that form of the inventionshown in Figures 7 and 8 and illustrating certain features thereof.

Referring now with particularity to the drawings, that form of theinvention illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive is designated as anentirety by A, and the form of the invention shown in Figures 7 to 9inclusive by B.

The form of the invention designated as A'will be described first, andthe same includes a bit head a adapted to receive a mandrel b and whichmandrel is adapted tocooperate with blades 0 carried by the bit head.The bit head is substantially an annulus and is provided with internalscrew-threads 1, which are adapted to cooperate with correspondingscrew-threads 2 carried by the mandrel and particularly that portion ofthe mandrel 3. One end of said mandrel is tapered or provided with aconical wall 4 while the opposite end carries an enlarge- -ment 5provided with a pin 6. The enlargement 5 is provided with what may betermed a jaw 7 which is formed by canting the base of the enlargementlying between the periphery of the enlargement and the part 3.Themandrel is formed with a central bore 8, whereby fluid such as watermay be passed therethrough and. out through the tapered ,drive head.

The bit head has one end provided with a jaw 9, which is formed the sameas the jaw 7, which is to say the end is canted. Likewise, said bit headis tapered on two sides at that portion adapted to carry the blades, asshown in Figures 1, 4 and 5, at 10. That portion of the bit head whichlies between the tapered surfaces, shown at 10, is slotted at 11; Itwill be noted that the bore of the bit head is not uniform in diameterand that portion of the bore which would be between the tapered portionsis of lesser diameter than the remaining portion of the bit head andthat the diameter at this portion progressively diminishes as shown at12. This portion of diminished diameter corresponds to the general taperof the drive head of the mandrel. 1

The blades 0 are pinned or otherwise secured for swinging engagementwithin the slots 11, as shown at 13, and these blades in the presentinstance may be of any form desired although they are shown as of thefish-tail type, and said blades normally lie within the confines of theslot 11, when the mandrel is out of engagement therewith. When themandrel, however, is moved downwardly within the bithead by screwing thebit head and mandrel together, the conical drive head of said mandrel isreceived between said blades and forces the same apart and outwardlyfrom said slots 11 into the position shown in Figure 3. In thisconnection, the blades are so formed as to best cooperate with theconical drive head which is to say that both blades are formed withtapered drive head engaging walls 14. Furthermore, when the blades arein the position of Figure 3, it will be seen that the said blades arecooperating with the bit head and in the following manner. As bothblades are identically constructed, one thereof will be described.Referring to Figure 6, it will be seen that the blade is formed withbutts or lugs 15 on both sides of the blade and that said butts or lugsare adapted to cooperate with complemental abutments 16 formed in theblade carrying end of the bit head. Thus when the blades move from theposition of Figure 1 to that of Figure 2, it will be seen that the lugsor butts engage the abutments and limit further outward movement of saidblades in the bit head. Furthermore, these lugs and abutments cooperatein such a manner that strain is relieved from the pins or connections 13between the blades and the bit head when the blades are in a position ofoperation.

The bit head is formed with a shoulder 17, and likewise provided withopenings 18 through which openings bolts or stops 19 may be passed forengagement with the mandrel. These bolts or stops act to limit movementof the mandrel in upward direction when the said stops engage the flangeor shoulder 17, and likewise act as a stop when the mandrel iscompletely screwed to the bit head, said stops striking the wall portionor shoulder portion that exists between the portions of two diameters insaid bit head.

The operation of the device A just described is as follows: Assumingthat it is being lowered by tubing through the casing,

the blades will be in collapsed position, as

shown in Figure 2, and after the drill is passed through the casing themandrel may be turned relative to the bit head so that they may bescrew-threaded together and the drive head of the mandrel will force theblades apart. In this position, it is evident that the blades will cut agreater diameter or bore than the diameter of the casing as the bladescan be of considerable width and will hang in a collapsed condition, asshown in Figure 2, due to the placement of the pins or connections 13.The drive head, of course, will hold the blades in tight engagement withthe abutment of the bit head, and if a jarring operation becomesnecessary, the bit head and mandrel may be unscrewed slightly and thenagain screwed so that the jaws will suddenly engage. This separation ofan engagement between the jaws will perform the jar desired.

That form of the invention shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, and designatedas B does not difier in essential details from that form of theinvention just described and all parts which are similar in structureand nature are given the same reference characters. In the presentinstance, the bit head at is formed at one end with a box 10, and with abore of small diameter 4-1 leading from said box and joining with atapered bore 42 which finally communicates with a bore 43 of greaterdiameter than the greatest diameter of the tapered bore 42. The bit headis provided with diametrically disposed radial slots 44: within whichslots are placed blades 6. The lower edge of both blades is formed witha depending part 45, and the depending parts are received within agroove 16 of the bit head, and which groove communicates directly withthe slot within which the blades are movable. The clearance openings orbores 18 are provided as before and the mandrel is constructed the sameas before. Each blade is provided with a tapered drive head engagingwall 17 and said blades are like wise beveled at 48 between the top wallL9 and the side wall 50 thereof. The length of the slot is suiiicient topermit the blades to be inserted in position therethrough after whichlooks 51 are placed in position. These locks comprise angle membershaving a base portion 52 and a side portion 53, the side portion beingsecured in any suitable manner to the portion 5a of the bit head. Thisform of the device may carry further lengths of tubing secured to thebox and the blades may be moved from the position shown in Figure 7 tothat of Figure 8 at any time desired upon the lowering of the mandrel.The casing surrounding said mandrel is shown in dotted lines at 55 andwhen the mandrel is released from its engagement with the blades and thedevice as an entirety is pulled upwardly, the beveled edge 48 of thelades will contact with the lower end of the casing and cam the bladeswithin the slots of the bit head, whereby the device may be passedupwardly through the casing.

In the operation of both devices, it is intended that a fluid such aswater may be passed through the opening 8 of the mandrel so that theWater or other fluid may constantly clear the dbris or cuttings fromthat portion where the cutter blades are operating on the formation andlikewise keep the blades cool. The device is so constructed that asuitable number of threads between the mandrel and the bit head arealways in engagement so that there is no danger of stripping threads dueto lifting of the bit as an entirety from the casing or well hole. Thestops act to indicate to the operator when rotation between the mandreland bit head may be terminated. Both forms of the device provide a meansfor supporting the blades during the cutting operation, it being evidentthat the form B has ample support in that the Walls of the bit headbounding the slot through which the blades are passed secures saidblades against side movement.

It is obvious that various changes, modifications and variations may bemade in practicing the invention in departure from the particularshowing of the drawings without departing from the true spirit thereof.

Having thus disclosed our invention, what We claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In an oil tool device, an annular bit head, the bore of which istapered adjacent an end thereof, a transverse slot in said bit head atthe zone of said tapered bore, blades pivotally depending from said bithead at an end thereof and normally confined within said slot, a mandrelformed with a tapered end for reception within said tapered bore tocontact with said blades and positively move the same outwardly from theslot.

2. In an oil tool device, an annular bit head, the bore of which istapered adjacent an end thereof, a transverse slot in said bit head atthe zone of said tapered bore, blades pivotally depending from said bithead at an end thereof and normally confined within said slot, a mandrelformed with a tapered end for reception within said tapered bore tocontact with said blades and positively move the same outwardly from theslot, the opposite end of said bit head being provided with a jaw andsaid mandrel being provided with a cooperating jaw to permit jarringaction of the device when the mandrel is moved in one direction relativeto the bit head.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification atLos Angeles, California, this 13th day of March, 1928.

HERBERT E. GRAU. ANDREW J. COLMERAUER.

